Andrew Jackson Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Andrew Jackson - Essay Example During his administration, he acclimated the crown jewels structure to the state government, doling out people to positions grounded on the political sponsorship. This made help on the administration level influence the across the nation level. Likewise, he utilized the official impact of dismissal expansively. In his term, he dismissed additional bills contrasted with all the former presidents joined, and he was the primary president to utilize the pocket dismissal (Wilson, Dilulio and Bose 367). He utilized his situation in the gathering to enlarge his matchless quality and the supremacy of the administration. In his time, Jackson didn't acquaint with various new approaches, however he evacuated the ones he despised. He expelled a few arrangements when the electorate size was developing rapidly, and different states were joining the association. Jackson and his partners in White House strolled the political stage when horrendous sectional fights over subjugation and gainful strateg ies were beginning to isolate the nation. Along these lines, he endeavored to come back to the agrarian ease of Jefferson’s time, yet he was halted by the powerful urban government. He is additionally recalled by the gathering he arranged in the White House that was gone to by anyone in the masses to sign him as a tribune of the individuals. Throughout the entire existence of American Presidents, Andrew Jackson denotes some striking progress on the intensity of a president. He is notable for his exceptional utilization of presidential force in his time, and he is the establishment of the cutting edge president.

Social Policy Development on Refugee Integration in Australia

Question: Examine about theSocial Policy Development on Refugee Integration in Australia. Answer: Presentation Movement is a significant bind in Australia (Ruth Tania, 2016). Growing amounts of drifters show up each time, a top to bottom assortments of whom are outsiders searching out safe house. Past due universal conflicts have inferred that various pariahs coming to Australian coastlines are Muslim, besides, this has posed new issues - every social and racial - to a relentlessly different society. Until the Sixties, the governing body exhorted transients to take in into Australian convention, the reason of which changed into English design establishments and characteristics. Because of the way that various drifters did no longer have even a significant acing of the English tongue, this technique should be unlikely. Subsequently, the methodology of multiculturalism became provided. Multiculturalism went with affirmation that ethnic gatherings should safeguard up refinements, as an occasion, dynamite society and tongue without a peril to the validness in their Australian citizenship. There is affirmation, however, of positive on this methodology, explicitly in regards to sponsoring decisions, and greatest basically in political talk and general appraisal (Tazeiter, 2014). Research Problem Clashes and other unfortunate human situations have been driving individuals to different nations, and Australia isn't a special case. There has basically been constrained research done right here. Be that as it may, non common mistreatment along with prominently in UN implications of evacuee prominence, and non mainstream foundations giving emergency help to migrants just as empowering their settlement, assessments about confidence in addition to displaced people are regularly obliged (Gozdziak, 2012). In this top notch Australian setting, I experience examined difficulties, for example, resettlement, open perception, additionally, racial issues concerning displaced people when all is said in done. The Research Question What is the impact and effect of Social Policy Development on displaced person mix in Australia? The Purpose of the Research Project Plan The essential propose of this examination venture is to build up the impact and effect of Social Policy Development on outcast mix in Australia. In addition, it addresses the impact of the Muslim people group in the nation. The Objectives of the Research Project Plan The points of this examination venture are: To demystify the refuge searchers in Australia To set up a great Social Development Policy Writing Review Despite the way that an enormous part of the quantity of occupants in Australia is a transient or the posterity of a transient, in addition, in excess of 822,678 refuge searchers got a spot to remain in Australia since the time the World War II (Gary Nikola, 2016). A champion among the most basic segments in evacuee resettlement is open perspective on their entrance into the gathering and of their unmistakable strict feelings what's more, rehearses. Initially, there is close to no perception of an outcast's situation. Present day Australia has never experienced the full aversions of postponed war and abuse in solitude and this good karma squares awareness of and sympathy for the push segments influencing a dislodged individual's decision to get away (Crock et al, 2016). There is moreover a nonappearance of cognizance of the way where the real and mental injury associated with the pariah experience can provoke sluggishness; besides, this is as needs be normally observed to be disregard. Such segments encourage inclination alongside deadness on the untouchable system. The normally stirred up imagined that it is unlawful to search for refuge is probably the best obstacle to productive resettlement. Intellectuals as often as possible use these issues of migration to show the incongruence of migrants having the way of life of Australia (Casimiro et al, 2010). The extra in the open field Despite the non-common complexities of Muslim haven searchers, there are a hitch of injustice buried in those difficulties. Tazreiter, (2014) referenced a 'social bias' in Australian traditions, where way of life is esteemed to be out of the social standards single direction or the other. In this manner, it prompts summarized complaints concerning the whole Islam; be that as it may, such protest has an ethnic point of view, as others of Christian confidence, for example, are presented to rise to cure. Casimiro et al, (2010) saw that the disposition of Muslims in Australia after September 2001 is that it is far contradicted to American convictions, present day notwithstanding self-overseeing social orders. Outsider Concerns Australian displaced people are yet peripheral, summarizing to only 2.1% of the masses as indicated by the statistics in 2008. In any case, thinking about the political exercises of the latest decade, it is apparently continuously difficult for exiles to fuse customs of Australia. The Tampa pervasiveness of August 2001 and the manner in which it was shown in Australian TV suggested that pressure became liberating, of being overpowered through workers. This was taken after nearly by methods for the exercises of September 11 of 2001 in the US, and inferred that Muslims and different displaced people were reliably connected to the threat of mental clash (Klocker, 2014). Strategy The Labeling idea is by all accounts suitable for this situation and it is far the speculation of how the conduct of individuals is most likely settled or experiencing the terms used to depict or mean them. It is connected with the musings of self-pleasurable premonition and generalizing. Marking idea holds that distortion isn't characteristic for a delineation, yet as an elective focuses on the tendency of additional parts to conflictingly call minorities or those noticeable as ruffian from wanted social measures. This hypothesis was observable in the midst of the Sixties and Seventies, and some changed enhancements of the theory have made are in any case starting at now exceptional (Anne Brian, 2012). Research Plan Design The exploration on the web shows that the Muslim people group and their rising populace have added to the inundation of outcasts to Western Australia. Information Sources and Analysis Source: Chartbin, 2016 The number of inhabitants in Muslims in different pieces of the world has been rising consistently; the figures of 2020 and 2030 are gauges as indicated by Chartbin (2016). Subsequently, they ought to be calculated in when drafting a Social Policy, alongside different outcasts. End In enormous part, a few Australians are unaware about Islam and about the way towards searching for shelter and migration in Australia. The predominant gathering in that nation ignores the various highlights of perceptions; in like manner, various view shelter searchers as illegal pariahs basically in gentle in their confidence (Casimiro et al, 2010). Various Australians of Christian heritage are regularly considerably torpid concerning different doctrines just as the confidence they state as their own. In sizeable component, such poor impressions in regards to evacuees are pushed through dangerous attributes inside the governing body and the media, at that point reproduced with the guide of the majority and given substance. all around, refuge searchers are conveyed as choosing a course for living (Klocker, 2014). Those terrible perceptions cause separation and shortcoming amidst resettlement, and might be dangerous to the Australian system of lodging a few societies so as to prod th e economy. In like manner, it has proposals for between national, social in addition to inside non-mainstream individuals from a family in Australia. References Anne W. what's more, Brian W. (2012) Canadian Social Policy: Issues and Perspectives, Wilfred Laurier Univ. Press Casimiro S., Hancock P., and Nothcort J. (2010) Isolation and Insecurity: resettlement issues among Muslim displaced person ladies in Perth, W. An, Australian Journal of Social Issues, Vol. 30(5) Container M., Saul B., Danmiel A. (2016) Future Seekers II: Refugees and unpredictable movement in Australia, The Federation Press, Australia Gary P. F and Nikola M. (2016) Handbook on Migration and Social Policy, Edward Elgar Publishing Gozdziak E. what's more, Shandy D. (2012) Editorial presentation: Religion and Spiritauality in constrained movement, Journal of Refugee Studies, Vol. 21 (5) Klocker N. (2014) Community opposition towards Asylum Seekers in Port Augusta, Southern Australia, Australian Geographical Studies Ruth L. what's more, Tania B. (2016) Social arrangement in a chilly atmosphere: Policies and their outcomes since the emergency, Policy Press Tazeiter C. (2014) Asylum Seekers and the State: the legislative issues of insurance in a security cognizant world, Ashgate Publishers Ltd

It Is Not the Power but Fear of Loosing

â€Å"It isn't power that adulterates yet dread. Dread of losing power debases the individuals who employ it and dread of scourge of intensity ruins the individuals who are liable to it†. (Aung San Suu Kyi’s discourse on Freedom from Fear) â€Å"Power has just a single obligation â€to secure the social government assistance of the people† Disraeli Benjamin. Notwithstanding, the fact of the matter is to some degree unique. History has driven us to ends where people with great influence overwhelmed over the more fragile ones and utilized their matchless quality to do indecent actions.Keeping such perspectives viable, the standard that power, the position to administer over and impact a gathering, will in general degenerate a person as force carries an individual closer to his wants and awards him irrefutable position. What is of more noteworthiness in debasing an individual is the dread of losing the force, the impact that one holds since dread removes the capac ity to separate among good and bad which brings about shamelessness of actions.Humans act near the hypothesis of advantage, and are persuaded without anyone else interests without thinking about the estimations of their activities. Subsequently, clearly when one accomplishes power, the individual is pulled in towards material necessities since being in power brings an individual, closer to the satisfaction of his wants. The impact of being incredible permits individuals to control the conditions to suit their own needs. It is essential to identify with William Jefferson in this situation. W.Jefferson is a previous American congressman who has been remembered for CREW’S report 2006 (Citizens for Responsibility and Ethics in Washington (CREW) is aâ nonprofit 501(c)(3) organizationâ that depicts itself as â€Å"dedicated to advancing morals and responsibility in government and open life by focusing on government authorities †paying little heed to party alliance †w ho penance the benefit of everyone to unique interests) similar to a degenerate lawmaker. Jefferson has been denounced for engaging in accomplishing monetary advantages through unlawful means.For case, Jefferson took kickbacks from various firms in return, acquainted the firm with Congressmen and different business authorities and utilized his impact as an individual from congress to help those organizations in their corporate objectives. The pay off got was utilized to back Jefferson privately-run company. In any case, individuals from the congress as Jefferson may fear the time order since they are designated for a clear timeframe after which they probably won't stay in power.Such a dread makes a person to consider would the individual have enough with themselves once they don't hold capacity to carry on with a decent life. Consequently, an individual dependent on the idea of advantage, would attempt to make however much riches as could be expected inside the time length, keeping in thought that once out of influence, the chance to collect riches would not, at this point be accessible. The word â€Å"power† is regularly deciphered as far as an individual, having obvious position. The individual who holds force may not be responsible to anybody and along these lines may appreciate supremacy.Such individual makes a religion of character and in this manner acquire themselves, decent titles to additionally overstate their impact. Inside this thought of incomparability and undeniable position, people watch out for waiver towards the way of defilement so as to keep up their impact. There are endless models where pioneers, for example, Stalin have been condemned for executing a huge number of honest individuals and seeking after different activities that in no way, shape or form legitimize themselves. Stalin administered as a tyrant, with supreme power.Was it the undeniable position acting behind the offenses of Stalin? What is significant here to consider i s the power acting behind Stalin, the power which antiquarians titled as uncertainty? Individuals had begun to scrutinize his position and indicated analysis towards his five years plan that was created to improve monetary potential. Further, individuals from his own gathering began to condemn Stalin’s authority. Thinking about the rising resistances, Stalin passed a law which required a capital punishment on any individual who was found plotting against the government.This law was only the start of the extraordinary cleanses that Stalin later completed to make sure about his position. The cleanses incorporate the preliminary of sixteen, preliminary of seventeen and preliminary of twenty one and the normal component of every one of these preliminaries was the execution of the considerable number of individuals who were ascending against Stalin. The power of the feelings of trepidation he had created turned clear with the death of Sergei Kirov. Sergei Kirov used to be a nearby supporter of Stalin and Stalin treated Kirov as his son.However, when Kirov wouldn't fit in with Stalin’s authority, he was killed similarly as all the others before him. Afterward, a constitution, which strengthened his political position, was passed that was to forestall uprisings later on. Despite the fact that this permitted Stalin to recover his political quality however that came to the detriment of financial defeat, debilitated armed force and loss of various lives. In this way, what is by all accounts the outcomes of irrefutable expert in all actuality escapes dread that created in Stalin to counter his resistances to strengthen his matchless quality. To go under siege†¦. was the inescapable destiny of power† Frank Herbert, Dune Messiah. Be that as it may, when one feelings of dread of losing the position and impact, such individuals are not any more worried of ethical quality of their conduct, and the entirety of their activities are coordinated towards m aking sure about the legitimate spot. Dread is an exceptionally solid power which exists in nature of the living being. It can and produces exchange social marvel in the mankind as well as across different realms; particular sorts of female snake would eat their own eggs in light of the dread of an attack.Lizards remove their own tails when a predator assaults to occupy it while it get away. These attributes have been portrayed by researchers as qualities presenting a bit of leeway and permitting them to endure. Man, nature’s most advanced item, clearly has a comparative in-constructed endurance sense which has empowered it to rule nature’s scene since it appeared particularly with its upgraded and complex social capacity. Envision a circumstance where a gathering of individuals is enduring an onslaught. Would they hurt or murder the interlopers or would they be pleasant to them? NO.They would assault the interlopers to secure their capacity and authority even to the d etriment of shamelessness found in their activities. This is truly bolstered by the episodes that happened in Musharraf’s system. The early long stretches of his standard saw smoothness regarding peace of the nation. Be that as it may, what turned into the defining moment of his system was the dread, he created when the conditions betrayed him and his administration went under risk after the Lal Mosque episode. His activities were not any more limited by established laws and what made a difference to him was the upkeep of power.The illicit statement of boss equity of Pakistan and assaults on legal executive in which a few protestors were tormented, challenge for administration while as yet holding the status of armed force boss in 2007 and assault on a channel’s headoffice are instances of occurrences where, to look after force, a pioneer as Musharraf didn't remain concern whether his activities were legitimized or not. Aside from this, dread can bring about interchang e conduct marvel as referenced before in the content. This may bring about a total distinctive reaction to a circumstance by a person under certain circumstances.The verifiable occasion that occurred in Egypt not long before the introduction of Moses is an exhibition of a similar marvel. The pharaoh of Egypt dreaded losing his capacity on account of the developing number of Israelites. His feelings of dread exasperated when a gathering of stargazers educated the pharaoh that a male Israelite youngster would bear who might toss the pharaoh’s realm. Keeping in thought the male centric social orders that have continued for long, pharaoh requested all the new brought into the world male kids to be killed. This was unquestionably not normal.In social orders, for example, Egypt, where male commanded each circle of life and where they were positioned far above ladies, it was the dread of losing his capacity that made the pharaoh demonstration even against the shows of the Egyptian c ulture. According to the content, it is clear that debasement doesn't stretch out of intensity itself. Or maybe it is the dread, the idea of losing the predominance and charm that one has created after some time, which drives an individual towards ridiculous intends to secure and keep up his authority.The battle to keep up power out of the dread of losing it has prompted terrible ramifications for the humankind throughout the years. What persuasive individuals need to consider currently is that however a great deal of harm has been done, the time has come to merge. Tolerating the transitory idea of intensity and completing the doled out obligations that the definitive position underwrite one with would permit the mankind to be ensured against sick results. Work Cited â€Å"Benjamin Disraeli and the Two Nation Divide. †Ã‚ The Victorian Web: An Overview. Web. 14 Mar. 2012. http://www. victorianweb. organization/creators/disraeli/diniejko3. tml Pakistan Weekly. â€Å"Musharraf Trial. †Ã‚ Project. Web. 14 Mar. 2012. http://musharraftrial. net/Ariela Pelaia. â€Å"The Passover (Pesach)A Story. †Ã‚ About. com Judaism. Web. 9 Mar. 2012. http://judaism. about. com/od/occasions/a/The-Passover-Pesach-Story. htm â€Å"Stalin's Russia. †Ã‚ ThinkQuest. Prophet Foundation. Web. 11 Mar. 2012. <http://library. thinkquest. organization/C0112205/stalinsrussia. html>. John Simkin†The Great Purge. †Ã‚ Spartacus Educational. Web. 11 Mar. 2012. <http://www. spartacus. schoolnet. co. uk/RUSpurge. htm>. Dr. Lawrence Britt†A Fourteen Defining Characteristics Of Fascism.  A Fourteen Definin

Deconstructive and New Historical Criticism of Bleak House - Literature Essay Samples

Bleak House, a novel by the Victorian novelist Charles Dickens, has a number of elements: comedy, tragedy, melodrama, romance, and biting social satire. The work also includes at least ten major characters, and scores of minor ones. The novels complexity and length lends itself quite easily to a number of critical interpretations, including feminist, Marxist, and psychoanalytic theories. In the following paper, this argument will focus on a deconstruction of certain aspects of the novel, especially Dickens names for characters, and on a new historical approach of literary criticism of the satirical attacks on the Chancery justice system of Dickens day. Dickens awareness of the richness and variability of language, and his willingness to question the social institutions and customs of his day, both lead the reader to consider these theoretical approaches.Dickens employs a host of musical, comical, telling, and puzzling names for his characters. A representative list includes Tulkingho rn, Clare, Summerson, Dedlock, Snagsby, Nemo, Krook, Flite, Tangle, Barbary, Rouncewell, Jarndyce, Skimpole, Vholes, Woodcourt, Smallweed, Turveydrop, Guppy, Boythorn, Jellyby, Badger, Bucket, and even the minimally named Jo. The names deliver a shifting and information-filled story of the characters personalities, occupations, looks, manners, and what may lie beneath the exterior they present to the world. Jacques Derrida, the founder of deconstructive philosophy, thought that language is not the reliable tool of communication we believe it to be, but rather a fluid, ambiguous domain of complex experience in which ideologies program us without our being aware of them (Tyson 249). So what might these names, and other aspects of Dickenss text, tell us about the novel, perhaps in ways that are not obvious but are still recognized and internalized by the reader?If the sign is the name for the character in a novel, and the signifier is the letters written or pronounced as a unit of that word, then the signified is the idea the reader has in mind of the character (251). Every reader will have a different idea of the character in a novel, even if they read the exact same words. Take, for example, the first description in the novel of Caddy Jellyby:But what principally struck us was a jaded and unhealthy-looking though by no means plain girl, at the writing-table, who sat biting the feather of her pen, and staring at us. I suppose nobody ever was in such a state of ink. And, from her tumbled hair to her pretty feet, which were disfigured with frayed and broken satin slippers trodden down at heel, she really seemed to have no article of dress upon her, from a pin upwards, that was in its proper condition or its right place. (Dickens 85)This description would no doubt create a picture of Caddy Jellyby in the readers mind. The signified would be that picture, but, according to Derrida, it is really chains of signifiers (Tyson 252). The description might create an image of a Caucasian, English girl for a reader who knows that the vast majority of the inhabitants of 1850s England were Anglo-Saxon. However, a reader of another race or ethnicity, even with that same historical knowledge, might immediately think of a teenaged girl of his or her own ethnicity, especially one of his or her acquaintance who shared characteristics with Caddy Jellyby, such as a downtrodden or disheveled appearance. Furthermore, simple phrases such as by no means plain girl are value judgments that can inspire wildly different ideas in readers heads. One readers idea of no means plain could mean, by that persons taste, beautiful; it could also mean, to another reader, an average-looking person of an image created by that readers experience. Obviously, those tastes and experience-created images of personal appearance will vary. And even down to such mundane descriptions as tumbled hair, the mental images can vary widely, too. Tumbled how? Is it falling from pins, or simply d isheveled? Of what color, texture, thickness, and length is it? The permutations of the mental image of Caddy Jellyby are nearly limitless. The idea in the readers mind is informed not only by the words on the page and the concept that those words create (the signifiers), but also the readers own knowledge and experience. In addition, those signified images can change during the reading of the text, according to the readers feelings and perception of the story and the characters, and the chain of signifiers. This is possible, too, by the evocative images created by proper names. Krook, for example, the proprietor of a rag-and-bone shop and Miss Flite and Mr. Nemos landlord, is described as a repulsive, dirty, aged, and drunken illiterate: an old man in spectacles and a hairy cap was carrying about in the shop. He was short, cadaverous, and withered; with his head sunk sideways between his shoulders, and the breath issuing in visible smoke from his mouth, as if he were on fire with in. His throat, chin, and eyebrows were so frosted with white hairs, and so gnarled with veins and puckered skin, that he looked from his breast upward, like some old root in a fall of snow. (Dickens 99-100)His name, directly insulting to him, implies that he is dishonest in his dealings, and perhaps crooked in personal morality, too. But Dickens has chosen such a richly descriptive word and assigned it to such an enigmatic character that it is possible to have many mental images merely from the contemplation of the name. Krook could be read with the sense of crook your finger, which might conjure up the idea of a bleary-eyed old man ominously beckoning someone. This could continue the negative imagery Dickens begins. Or crook could have the nature connotation of crook of a tree, such as what is implied by some old root in a fall of snow. This implies age, solidity, permanence, and immovabilityall things amply demonstrated by the character of Krook in the novel. Other readings cou ld include crooked, meaning crippled or deformed in some way. Since his head is sunk sideways between his shoulders, it could mean that he was suffering from some kind of physical impairment. This may incite sympathy for the character where none previously existed. One must remember, however, that this probably would have been different than the reaction of the contemporary readers of Bleak House, for the attitude toward physical disability has changed drastically. In Dickens time, crippled individuals were often derided and feared, or used as a subject of mockery, as is the semi-comic figure of Phil Squod in this same novel. Again, the chain of signifiers is not only continued but mutable, according to time and place. Further readings abound in this one single word for this relatively minor, though pivotal, character. Both a shepherd and a bishop carry a crooka staff with a curved end meant for defense and for corralling the flock, literally in the former case and symbolically i n the latter. This usually implies a gentle or kind person, a reference cemented in Christian English speakers (which most of Dickenss readers were) with the 23rd Psalm The Lord is my shepherd thy rod and thy staff they comfort me (Bible Gateway, italics mine). Krook is hardly a shepherdly or kindly figure, so this belies the reality of the characterization. But the mental trace left behind by the play of signifiers (Tyson 253) cannot help but suggest this reading, even if only unconsciously, in the readers mind. Just because the meaning does not exactly coordinate with the nature of the character does not mean that the image of a shepherds crook (or any other meaning of the word) is not, however fleetingly, suggested. Perhaps it could also be seen as a sort of ironic cognomen, since this illiterate loner was hardly the guide of any group of people or animals. Yet it also could be a commentary on what Krook could have been if anyone had shepherded him more carefully. Perhaps he wo uld not have become the reclusive, slightly mad owner of a rag-and-bone shop who died of spontaneous human combustion while hoarding an extremely important document, never knowing what it meant. The irony of that possession is that Krook, who hoarded and hid the will for so long, caused the destruction of peoples lives. It could be argued that if someone had paid a little more attention to him, shepherded him into a more social existence, the will would have been discovered years before. There is also another reading of crook, the device on some musical wind instruments for changing the pitch, consisting of a piece of tubing inserted into the main tube (Dictionary.com). A musician conversant with this implement might use this tool every day, and immediately think of it when first reading about Krook. The fact that this small object can change the pitch of an instrument drastically might suggest to the reader that this character, though seemingly unimportant, could affect all the characters in the novel. That reading would be particularly sensible in terms of plot resolution. After all, Krook held the key (or the crook) to changing the status of most of the major characters in the novel (Ada, Richard, Mr. Jarndyce, Esther, and even Lady Dedlock). This reading, if the deconstruction of the name took place at the beginning of the novel, would substantially change the tone of the reading throughout. The reader might immediately pay more attention to Krooks peculiarities, and might well guess his secret long before it is revealed at the end of the novel. By the same token, reading his name as crook in the road could mean that Krook was the means by which the plot changes, and if that crook was taken earlier, rather than after Krooks death, then the Jarndyce suit would have been resolved earlier, as well. This leads us to yet another reading of Krook. There is, of course, the metal hook called a crook. This is an obvious reference to the deformity and subhuman nature of Krook. Despite living in the teeming metropolis of London, he lives a life apart. He is separateunloved, uncared for, friendless. He is even unable to read the words around him, despite living amid documents piled up like wastepaper all through his shop. The crook, or hook, could have been a reference to his mental disability (as in, his illiteracy), and also the menacing nature of his appearance. Yet the idea that he was dishonest, a crook in the slang term, is never suggested in Bleak House. Krook was merely peculiar, perhaps repulsive, but certainly not criminal. He is simply outside of the customary ideas of what is socially acceptable. Thus, Krooks name, immediately evocative of several differing and sometimes contradictory meanings, can lead to several different fleeting, continually changing play[s] of signifiers (Tyson 252). This array of meanings is only the beginning of what might be suggested purely by deconstructing one characters name. The individual experie nce, the sliding accumulation of signifieds (Tyson 252) which could create another set of entirely different meanings comes into play whenever the name is read. If the text is really an indefinite, undecidable, plural, conflicting array of possible meanings (259), then all of these readings are valid and useful. A new historical approach to a satirical novel like Bleak House gives the critic two fertile fields of inquiry. First, there is the nature of the institutions, people, and events of the Dickensian era. There is also the opportunity to analyze what Dickens thought about these institutions and social customs. Not only is our approach an attempt to discover hidden, formerly forgotten, repressed, or underrepresented versions of reality, but also the views of a main satirist of the time can be examined to show what he thought about what was happening in his own day, including his own ideologies, biases, prejudices, errors, distortions, hopes, and desires. We now will focus briefl y on what Dickens thought was wrong with the Court of Chancery, and how that affected the society in which he lived. Considering that Bleak House is a continuum with other historical and cultural texts from the same period (Tyson 299), we might assume several things: The Court of Chancery was almost as corrupt and inefficient as Dickenss grotesque portrayal; there was an audience for this kind of satire, and therefore people of his day knew something about the inefficiency of the Court and disliked it; that there were victims of the court, such as Mr. Gridley, Miss Flite, and Richard Carstone, who, perhaps not quite as blatantly as Dickens painted them, nevertheless wasted their lives in Chancery; and there was no hope, at least not directly, of changing the system in any kind of rapid way. Dickens creates a subversive mood in the novel, continually recording the excesses of Chancery but consistently deriding them. This is the Court of Chancery; which has its decaying houses and its blighted lands in every shire; which has its worn out lunatic in every madhouse, and its dead in every churchyard; which has its ruined suitor, with his slipshod heels and threadbare dress, borrowing and begging through the round of every mans acquaintance; which gives to monied might the means abundantly of wearying out the right; which so exhausts finances, patience, courage, hope; so overthrows the brain and breaks the heart; that there is not an honourable man among its practitioners who would not give who does not often give the warning, Suffer any wrong that can be done you, rather than come here! (Dickens 51) When viewing this passage, one must ask, how much was Dickens really speaking with a subversive voice? Were the oppressed, the ruined suitors in agreement with him? Did he really attack an institution which caused widespread grief and poverty (decaying houses and blighted lands), or was this just the concern of the propertied few? It would seem that, in a society where financial mobility was not as easy as it is in contemporary America, that the inheritance customs concerning property and money would be very important. This was a society that cared very much about handed-down money, and peoples entire lives and fortunes were often decided by their birth. Therefore, the malfunctioning of such a body as the Court of Chancery, which decided (among other things) difficult cases of what Americans call probate, would cause consternation among people who had property to pass down. Perhaps Dickens overstates the blighted lands, for certainly many cases of probate must have been handled properly, in or out of Chancery. Also, Chancery would only concern the middle and upper classes. The consumption of an estate in legal fees would not concern a homeless orphan such as Jo, for example. Yet Dickens makes the case that it did affect him, as it provided Tom-all-alones, which Jo used as a flophouse and where he contracted the disease that killed him and sc arred Esther. Thus, Dickens paints the Chancery as something of importance for the entire country. He may have been overstating the case for comic and satiric effect, but it also shows his own bias as a middle-class man concerned with passing down his own money to his heirs. Women, the homeless, the working poor, the illiterate, farm tenants, servants, and anyone else not owning property would probably not be as concerned with the workings of the Court of Chancery as Charles Dickens, the middle-class, homeowning author was. Rather, it was an example of Dickenss own bias. Through Jo and Jenny and other working-class characters, he makes the case as best he can that the ill-functioning Court of Chancery is bad for the whole of England, not just the propertied few. The very title of the novel, Bleak House, is meant as a metaphor for Chancery. Though it is the name of not only one but two houses (Jarndyces home, and the new house built for Esther and Dr. Woodcourt), the houses thus n amed are not bleak. They are happy family homes. The Bleak House could be Tom-all-Alones (a decaying house left over from John Jarndyces dead relative Tom Jarndyce, in which the wretched homeless of London congregate), or it could be the Court of Chancery. Of course, this metaphor could be expanded to the whole of England, for Dickens has many more satirical targets in this novel that just the Court. Even so, it is clear that the bleak houses are not Jarndyces or Esthers homes. Thus, Dickens again displays his own bias. He is willing to think that the experience of the literate, middle- and upper-class people of a country is an experience shared by everyone else in that country. The individual identity, too, of some of the people in Bleak House is tied up utterly in what the social customs of their day dictated. Personal identity like historical events, texts, and artifacts is shaped by and shapes the culture in which it emerges (Tyson 290). Miss Flite, for example, is complete ly controlled by her (never resolved) Chancery suit. She has mortgaged her whole lifeher youth, her possible family, her futureon the gamble of the Court of Chancery. She says, acutely aware of her fate, I was a ward myself. I was not mad at the time I had youth and hope. I believe, beauty. It matters very little now. Neither of the three served, or saved me (Dickens 81). Miss Flite, who considers it an honour to attend court regularly, has entirely bound up her sense of self in the Court of Chancery. In this she is adhering to two contemporary ideas. First, she believes that women of good family (meaning middle class or higher) should not have a profession of their own; second, she thinks that inherited family money was the best kind of money. Miss Flite recounts later that her brother and sister also were ruined by the suit, but she has persevered. She considers it not only her duty and honour to press her Chancery suit with her documents, but she has gone so far as to wafer (that is, use a legal seal to adhere) to the walls of her poor room a few old prints from books, of Chancellors and barristers (103) as the only decoration. Miss Flite sees as her only way of adhering to the respectable path is to follow her fruitless suit in Chancery. In this, she is affected by the culture that surrounds her. However, she has mutated it, as personalities do, into something different. Her sister, for example, cannot bear the genteel but extreme poverty in which Miss Flite lives; it seems that she became a prostitute. In contrast, Miss Flite has chosen to adhere to one of the cultural mores of her time, creating a new identity based on what the culture around her considered proper. That she mutated it, until that very culture called her mad, is the sadness of her own narrative. Dickens created Miss Flite to comment on his own perception of what was wrong with his society, namely the Court of Chancery. Therefore, he created a person whose individual identity, base d on a flawed cultural institution, was twisted and skewed so that that her very culture called her mad. It is an example of his own bias that he chose a genteel woman as his main example, although he also includes Gridley (the man from Shropshire) as a more rustic example. But these gentle souls are ruined by Chancery, which is Dickens point. He sees it as a great system victimizing all its subjects. Dickens was more of a voice for oppressed groups in his day than many of his contemporaries. His portrait of Jowith not only his dress and condition, but also his illiterate speech, recorded in exact detailis a moving picture of social injustice. This orphan is not the blameless, downtrodden youth of some romantic stories. He has failings which would be likely in someone of such debased condition, such as illness, furtiveness, unwillingness to stay in one place, and errors in judgment. Even so, he is a realistic and extremely pathetic figure. That Dickens was willing to place a perso n of such underrepresented and oppressed state at the center of his novel, to be read by his mainly middle- and upper-class public, shows he tried to be less biased than perhaps many of his peers.Works CitedBible Gateway.com. King James Version Bible. Accessed 3/29/07. Gospel Communications International, Copyright 1995-2007. Dickens, Charles. Bleak House. 1853. London: Penguin Books, 1985. Dictionary.com, crook. Dictionary.com Unabridged (v 1.1). Random House, Inc. 31 Mar. 2007. .Tyson, Lois. Critical Theory Today. 2nd ed. New York: Routledge, 2006.

12 Angry Men Conflicts Essay - 628 Words

Twelve Angry Men (1957) showed several example of conflicts within the film. I will examine how each conflict was managed, which conflicts were resolved and how, along with the kinds of effects each of these conflicts caused in the film. 3 Types of Conflict There are three types of conflict are shown within the film Twelve Angry Men. Pseudo, simple, and ego are the three types of interpersonal conflict displayed by the twelve jurors. In the small group of twelve jurors, each member of the jury is involved in at least one of the three types of conflict. Beginning with juror number eight, the first man to vote not guilty in the case, he was the first to start a conflict. Davis, as he was identified at the end of the film, was the†¦show more content†¦Juror one, the foreman helped to keep the group orderly and the arguments from escalating further. The tenth juror was an obnoxious man with and prejudice towards people from the slums. His prejudice caused conflict with all of the other jury members and after some time he too changed his vote to not guilty. The stock broker with the glasses was the eleventh juror to vote not guilty. He was the fourth juror and self assured that his decision was correct and that the defendant had murdered his father. He was involved in simple conflict with the rest of the jurors. Juror 3 Juror three, labeled as the sadist, was the last man to vote not guilty and held on to his guilty decision because of his ego. Juror three was involved in ego conflict with most of the other men. However, juror three was especially excitable and in defense of his ego against juror eight. It was not until the end of the film that juror three finally realized that his ego was the only reason why he was voting not guilty. His troubled past with his own son was the cause of his disdain towards the young man on trial in the murder of his father. Juror three took the situation of the trial personally and therefore his own critical thinking was impaired by his basis. Once he realized he was not being attacked personally by the other jury members his ego broke down and he then changed his vote to notShow MoreRelatedTheme Of Conflict In 12 Angry Men988 Words   |  4 PagesIntroduction Conflict is defined as a state of ignorance and opposition that can be caused by the situation someone is surrounded with or a battle within their inner consciousness. The battle between inner conflicts and situational conflicts is explored in both the play Twelve Angry Men by playwright, Reginald Rose and the film On the Waterfront directed by Elia Kazan. Both Rose and Kazan utilises a variety of characters, as well as various literary and visual devices, to promote their ideas aroundRead MoreUse of Persuasive Argument in 12 Angry Men Essay1037 Words   |  5 PagesThe movie â€Å"12 Angry Men† examines the dynamics at play in a United States jury room in the 1950’s. It revolves around the opinions and mindsets of twelve diverse characters that are tasked with pronouncing the guilt or innocence of a young man accused of patricide. The extraordinary element is that their finding will determine his life or death. This play was made into a movie in 1957, produced by Henr y Fonda who played the lead role, Juror #8, and Reginald Rose who wrote the original screenplayRead More12 Angry Men: Jurys Conflict Involved on Verdict Essay example645 Words   |  3 PagesDan Bodson CMST 140 12 Angry Men Any jury trial is bound to have some sort of conflict involved when coming to a verdict. The portrayal of a murder case in the movie, 12 Angry Men, involves many different examples of conflict, as well as the approaches to conflict used by different characters. Almost every conversation in the film involves conflict, since the characters are all debating whether or not the boy being tried for murder is guilty or not, but there are a few scenes in which differentRead MoreThe Film 12 Angry Men875 Words   |  4 PagesWhen working with and leading teams, communication is the key to being successful. In the film 12 Angry Men, many of the pros and cons of group communication are highlighted. An overarching and obvious theme of communication in the movie is the impact that personality has on the way that individuals communicate with others. The members of the jury from the film run the gamut of communication and personality styles. There are some team members who are wise and empatheti c, but there are also otherRead MoreAnalysis Of The Film 12 Angry Men 917 Words   |  4 Pages While the good behaviors of certain team members can help the team to reach its goals, the way in which communication is done can also affect the team’s progress. In the film â€Å"12 Angry Men†, many of the pros and cons of group communication are highlighted. An overarching and prominent theme of discussion in the movie is the impact that personality has on the way that individuals communicate with others. The members of the jury from the film run the gamut of communication and personality stylesRead More12 Angry Men Leadership Essay1711 Words   |  7 Pages12 Angry Men is a film originally produced in 1957 by Henry Fonda and Reginald Rose. It is about the journey 12 jurors go on to determine if a defendant is innocent or guilty. 12 Angry Men is a classic movie that is great for people learning different leadership styles, verbal and nonverbal cues, constructive/destructive conflict, and how ‘sidebar’ conversations impact a group’s ability to achieve their goal. The goal of the 12 jurors is to make a unanimous decision the defendant is either innocentRead MoreCommunication in 12 Angry Men Essay793 Words   |  4 PagesReginald Rose’s â€Å"12 Angry Men† is a testament to the power and productivity of conflict. In the same way that conflict can both help and hinder us, the ego/identity and relational based conflicts, and the competitive and avoidance approaches to conflict interfere with the group coming to consensus, yet at the same time galvanize these 12 angry men. Many of the jurors’ personal biases, often the causes of relational or ego/identity based conflict, constantly undermine the voting. Throughout the entireRead MoreTwelve Angry Men By Reginald Rose1104 Words   |  5 PagesThrough Twelve Angry Men Flim, the author, Reginald Rose, paints a picture of a small portion of American society in the mid-1950s. At this time, the United States was envolving into an internal struggle, the Civil Rights Movement, which was concerned with ending racism discrimination and promoting freedom, respect and equality. Rose’s movie presents domestic conflicts which exist in a stereotypical American society and politic in 1950s in America. 12 Angry Men is the story of 12 jurors who mustRead MoreTheme Of Self Image In 12 Angry Men892 Words   |  4 Pages Title Every single person on this earth is unique unto theirself. Think about it! Each individual has their own personality, agenda and history. Such are the characters portrayed in 12 Angry Men. The movie 12 Angry Men was the first of fourty-three films in the career of director Sidney Lument, who often sought controversial issues (RE). This movie focuses on a jury’s deliberation in a capital murder case, where a guilty verdict means an automatic death sentence. As the deliberations unfold theRead MoreGroup Communication In 12 Angry Men935 Words   |  4 Pages12 Angry Men: Group Analysis Paper In 1957, the producers H. Fonda, G. Justin and R. Rose collaborated with the director S. Lumet to create the film, 12 Angry Men. In this paper, I will provide an analysis of the small group communication displayed by the main characters in the motion picture. I will discuss group communications, group development, group membership, group diversity, and group leadership. These topics will be dissected in order to properly examine the characters’ behavior. The

Quantitative Determination of Sulphate by Gravimetric...

CP4001: ANALYTICAL amp; PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY | | Formal Report of the Quantitative Determination of Sulphate by Gravimetric Analysis (Experiment 4) | Maryjo Lee Wei Min 1111107 DBS/FT/1A/01 | (A) Synopsis The amount of sulphate is determined quantitatively as barium sulphate by gravimetric analysis. This determination consists of slowly adding a dilute solution of barium chloride to a hot, unknown sulphate solution which is slightly acidified with concentrated hydrochloric acid. A white precipitate will formed and is then filtered off, washed with deionised water, dried in the oven and weighed as barium sulphate. The percentage of sulphate is calculated from the weight of barium sulphate. (B) Objective The purpose of the†¦show more content†¦F) Test for complete precipitation by adding a few drops of barium chloride to clear the supernatant liquid. 2) Washing and Filtration of Barium Sulphate Precipitation A) Pre-weigh a crucible. Ensure that the crucible has a filter paper that covers the base of the crucible completely. B) Decant the clear supernatant liquid by filtration at the vacuum pump into the crucible. C) Use a ‘rubber-policeman’ to dislodge any particles on the beaker, and then rinse the beaker with warm deionised water. Empty the contents into the crucible while the vacuum pump is at work. D) Further wash the precipitate with warm, deionised water at the vacuum pump twice more. E) Discard the filtrate. 3) Drying and Weighing of Barium Sulphate Precipitate A) Dry the crucible with the barium sulphate precipitate in the oven at 150 °C for about 30 minutes. B) Cool the crucible in a desiccator for about 10 minutes. C) Weigh the crucible when it has cooled down. D) The difference between this weight and the empty crucible (including the filter paper) is the weight of the barium sulphate precipitate. (E) Results and Calculations Weight of crucible with the precipitate: 14.0996 g Weight of crucible (with piece of filter paper): 13.9030 g ∠´ Weight of barium sulphate precipitate: 0.1966 g Ba2+ + SO42- ------------- BaSO4 (Moles of SO42-)/(Moles of BaSO4 ) =Show MoreRelatedQuantitative Determination of Sulphate By Gravimetric Analysis1637 Words   |  7 PagesCP4001) EXPERIMENT 4: QUANTITATIVE DETERMINATION OF SULPHATE BY GRAVIMETRIC ANALYSIS FORMAL REPORT NAME: CHIA KOK SIONG ADMIN NO: 1027325 CLASS: DFST/FT/2B/21 ï ¿ ½ SYNOPSIS The objective of this experiment is to determine the amount of sulphate by gravimetric analysis. The amount of sulphate is determined quantitatively as barium sulphate, BaSO4, by gravimetric analysis. For the experiment, a dilute solution of barium chloride was slowly added to a hot unknown sulphate solution slightly acidifiedRead MoreQuantitative Determination of Sulfate by Gravimetric Analysis2004 Words   |  9 PagesQuantitative Determination of Sulphate by Gravimetric Analysis Table of Contents: 1. Synopsis 2. Objective 3. Theory 3.1: Summary 3.2: Technique 3.3: Chemicals 3.4: Instruments 4. Procedures 4.1: Precipitation of BaSOâ‚„ 4.2: Washing and Filtration of BaSOâ‚„ Precipitate 4.3: Drying and Weighing of BaSOâ‚„ Precipitate 5. Results and Calculations 6. Discussions 7. Conclusion 8. References 1. Synopsis: This report is written about determiningRead MoreAnalytical Chemistri Intro1796 Words   |  8 PagesAnalytical Chemistry I 1 Course Outlines ï‚â€" ï‚â€" ï‚â€" ï‚â€" ï‚â€" ï‚â€" ï‚â€" ï‚â€" LU1 :Analytical Chemistry Overview LU2: Measurements and Data Treatment LU3: Stoichiometric Calculations LU4: General Concepts of Chemical Equilibrium LU5: Gravimetric Methods LU6: Acid-Base Equilibria LU7: Acid-base titrations LU8: Analytical Separations Course Assessment Laboratory reports (15%) ï‚â€" Assignments (15%) ï‚â€" MidTerm Examination (30%) ï‚â€" Final Examination (40%) ï‚â€" 3 References 1. Christian, G.D. (2003)Read MoreBiodegradation of Hydrocarbons from Crude Oil by Pseudomonas Putida4958 Words   |  20 PagesStrain 5.3 Preparation of SubCultures of Bacterial Strain 5.4 Centrifugation of Crude Oil 5.5 Subculturing Of Petri Plates with oil 5.6 Biodegradation Studies 5.7 Gravimetric Analysis 6. Results 6.1 Growth Analysis of Pseudomonas Putida 6.2 Gravimetric Analysis 7. Discussion 8. References 1. ABSTRACT Oil spills have become a serious problem with the ever-increasing resource exploitation, transportation, storage, and accidental leakageRead MoreContamination of the Turag River19368 Words   |  78 Pagesdifferent water quality parameters due to season change, i.e. dry and wet season 4. To assess the heavy metal contamination of the sediment of the Turag River 5. To analyze the Sediment quality of the river bed 6. Comparison of the data analysis according to different national and international standards If the sources of major waste disposal outlets into the Turag River can be taken care of, it is firmly expected that the river can get relieve from pollution to a great extent. So, it Quantitative Determination of Sulphate By Gravimetric... ANALYTICAL PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY ( CP4001) EXPERIMENT 4: QUANTITATIVE DETERMINATION OF SULPHATE BY GRAVIMETRIC ANALYSIS FORMAL REPORT NAME: CHIA KOK SIONG ADMIN NO: 1027325 CLASS: DFST/FT/2B/21 ï ¿ ½ SYNOPSIS The objective of this experiment is to determine the amount of sulphate by gravimetric analysis. The amount of sulphate is determined quantitatively as barium sulphate, BaSO4, by gravimetric analysis. For the experiment, a dilute solution of barium chloride was slowly added to a hot unknown sulphate solution slightly acidified with concentrated HCl. The precipitate is then filtered off by suction filtration, washed with water and dried in the oven at 150 degree Celsius for about half an hour and cooled in the desiccator, and†¦show more content†¦Cooling the precipitate in the desiccator is to prevent the capture of moisture in the outside air as the desiccator controls the level of humidity in it while the precipitate cools down. For the weighing of the crucible, it is done in a closed balance, so that it can measure a very accurate weight of the collected sulphate. ï ¿ ½ PROCEDURES PRECIPITATION OF BARIUM SULPHATE 25mL of the given sulphate solution was pipette into a 250mL beaker. 50mL of water and 5 drops of concentrated HCl was added. The solution was heated till boiling and vigorously stirred. 10mL of 10% barium chloride solution was added drop wise from a measuring cylinder. The beaker was covered with a watch glass and digested for 20 minutes. A few drops of barium chloride was add to the clear supernatant liquid to test for complete precipitation. WASHING AND FILTRATION OF BARIUM SULPHATE PRECIPITATE The filter paper was positioned to cover the entire base of the crucible completely. The clear supernatant solution was decanted by filtration into the pre-weighed crucible with filter paper. A rubber-policeman was used to dislodge any particles on the beaker and the beaker was rinsed with warm deionised water. The contents were emptied into the crucible while the vacuum pump was still at work. The precipitate was further washed with warm deionised water at the vacuum pump two more times. The filtrate was discarded. WASHING AND FILTRATION OF BARIUM SULPHATE PRECIPITATE The crucibleShow MoreRelatedQuantitative Determination of Sulphate by Gravimetric Analysis1582 Words   |  7 PagesCP4001: ANALYTICAL amp; PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY | | Formal Report of the Quantitative Determination of Sulphate by Gravimetric Analysis (Experiment 4) | Maryjo Lee Wei Min 1111107 DBS/FT/1A/01 | (A) Synopsis The amount of sulphate is determined quantitatively as barium sulphate by gravimetric analysis. This determination consists of slowly adding a dilute solution of barium chloride to a hot, unknown sulphate solution which is slightly acidified with concentrated hydrochloric acid. A whiteRead MoreQuantitative Determination of Sulfate by Gravimetric Analysis2004 Words   |  9 PagesQuantitative Determination of Sulphate by Gravimetric Analysis Table of Contents: 1. Synopsis 2. Objective 3. Theory 3.1: Summary 3.2: Technique 3.3: Chemicals 3.4: Instruments 4. Procedures 4.1: Precipitation of BaSOâ‚„ 4.2: Washing and Filtration of BaSOâ‚„ Precipitate 4.3: Drying and Weighing of BaSOâ‚„ Precipitate 5. Results and Calculations 6. Discussions 7. Conclusion 8. References 1. Synopsis: This report is written about determiningRead MoreAnalytical Chemistri Intro1796 Words   |  8 PagesAnalytical Chemistry I 1 Course Outlines ï‚â€" ï‚â€" ï‚â€" ï‚â€" ï‚â€" ï‚â€" ï‚â€" ï‚â€" LU1 :Analytical Chemistry Overview LU2: Measurements and Data Treatment LU3: Stoichiometric Calculations LU4: General Concepts of Chemical Equilibrium LU5: Gravimetric Methods LU6: Acid-Base Equilibria LU7: Acid-base titrations LU8: Analytical Separations Course Assessment Laboratory reports (15%) ï‚â€" Assignments (15%) ï‚â€" MidTerm Examination (30%) ï‚â€" Final Examination (40%) ï‚â€" 3 References 1. Christian, G.D. (2003)Read MoreBiodegradation of Hydrocarbons from Crude Oil by Pseudomonas Putida4958 Words   |  20 PagesStrain 5.3 Preparation of SubCultures of Bacterial Strain 5.4 Centrifugation of Crude Oil 5.5 Subculturing Of Petri Plates with oil 5.6 Biodegradation Studies 5.7 Gravimetric Analysis 6. Results 6.1 Growth Analysis of Pseudomonas Putida 6.2 Gravimetric Analysis 7. Discussion 8. References 1. ABSTRACT Oil spills have become a serious problem with the ever-increasing resource exploitation, transportation, storage, and accidental leakageRead MoreContamination of the Turag River19368 Words   |  78 Pagesdifferent water quality parameters due to season change, i.e. dry and wet season 4. To assess the heavy metal contamination of the sediment of the Turag River 5. To analyze the Sediment quality of the river bed 6. Comparison of the data analysis according to different national and international standards If the sources of major waste disposal outlets into the Turag River can be taken care of, it is firmly expected that the river can get relieve from pollution to a great extent. So, it

Constructive Relations at Top Trucking Company

Question: Discuss about the Constructive Relations at Top Trucking Company. Answer: Introduction Coworkers, supervisors, and employees in a company need to develop positive relationships for them to be able to enjoy their work and be productive. These connections are important as they may get into work references in the future which may have a positive or negative effect on career progression. For the development of effective working relations employees must build trust and work as a team. Communication is crucial to building relations among employees either horizontally or vertically in an organization. Wollongong experienced transformational change from a dictatorial leadership to a democratic leader who lets in employees on the decision. Employees were forced to endure mistreatment from George who did not care about their safety but cared for results. The oppressive atmosphere in the yard led to strikes and employees did not work to their full potential(Australian Trucking Industry, 2001). Transportation facilities were old, and the manager did not have any plans to purchase new ones. This issue made drivers make many stopovers while transporting goods, therefore, consuming a lot of time(SerslandNataraajan,2015).This article aims at critically analyzing the risks, practices and the sustainability of changes experienced by Wollongong yard. New company practices The practices introduced by the new yard manager have quickly changed the company operations. Some of the new changes include: Change in company operations The company was completely transformed from previously one mans directives to a consultative approach. The new management began the transformation by issuing new uniforms to the truck drivers. This changes the image of the company as the company's employees were clean and neat.The new management approach to problem-solving involves going to the cause of the problem and not blaming it on the drivers. Employee image and implementation of problem-solving strategies create a comfortable environment for employees to work as argued by Hecker (2002). The health and safety of the employees are factors that determine their productivity. Therefore, the new management has strategies to ensure that they became the company's priority. Technical and customer care service training is given to workers regularly to equip them with skills to navigate in the changing work environments(Apostolopoulos, LemkeSonmez, 2014). The new practices aimed at creating a work environment that would increase productivity. The new practices got aggressive reception as some employees were not comfortable with the new changes but with time they understood the benefits, and they changed their attitudes towards the new management. Employee consultations The new management makes the employees a priority to enhance and ensures employee satisfaction. The new management can achieve the goals it has set by combining different aspects of the company. Formulation of policies and governance require cooperation among employees from all ranks(Bensman, 2016).All employees in the management take part in decision making which is an important perspective as they understand well their areas of specialization.Their opinions matter to management in bringing and implementing change to their departments(Holloway, Kusy,2013). Eventually, George realized that the new management would bring benefit to the company and so he became part of change agents. The new management had a different approach in decision making; the new yard manager consulted all the employees before making a final determination on an issue.The sense of belonging to the company was consequently improved. Employees considered other employees as their second family because they spend quite a lot of time together(Hall Bensoussan, 2007). It is important therefore that managements in companies create an environment in which employees can interact freely and make connections with them(Williams, Thomas Liao-Troth,2017). Management need to realize that workers are the backbone and if not taken care of well could reduce productivity, and the overall image is damaged Risks Wollongong is going through a transformational phase, and it risks setbacks if the management is changed before the transition is fully implemented. Leaders have their style of giving orders and ensuring that work is done. The new management has brought changes to the employee relations which is a strategy to increase productivity. Change in management results in a change to policies and priorities which risk the current changes that have been brought to the yard. Change is inevitable, but it may cause setbacks to the company if the employees do not go in sync with them as explained by Jamaldeen, Bryant Joyeux (2015).New management should hold in-depth consultation with previous management to understand the working environment and how to navigate through. Some of the risks that may challenge the sustainability of the changes brought by the new yard manager include: Lack strategic disciplines A strategic discipline does change not only the operations of the company but also influences the culture. Most of the changes brought to the organization are based on an individuals effort to transforming the organization (Azab, Mostafa Park, 2016). The change of management is not predictable which put the management in a tight spot because change cannot fully take ground within a short period of implementation. Change requires monitors and indicators which measure the level of adoption of change(Lovegrove, 2015). The change brought should be fully assimilated in the company to avoid risks of being ignored by incoming management. Tools and infrastructure have to be fully exploited to avoid risking the changes made being ignored or modified without consultation. Misdiagnosing the scope of change The change brought by the new management has increased its clientele and employees are more satisfied with their work. The work dynamics has changed, and it has influenced all operations which may not be fully regulated. For example, employees, have been given freedom to decide their fate in the company, which to some extent may bring a clash between the management and employees. This freedom is risky as employees may demand treatment that the management may not afford and this may cause strikes and work slows, therefore, reducing production(Spiro, 2013).Some of the positive changes that management may want to implement may be opposed by the employees. The new yard manager should introduce the regulatory body to ensure that the scope of change does not hinder the progression of the company. Change influences crucial parts of an organization including the systems, decision making bodies, technology and the knowledge and skills of the employees. Communication with stakeholders Communication is essential to building relationships with the different stakeholders.The intensity of change affects all operations in the company and also the human dynamics. When the company is undergoing change, employees attitudes are influenced, and this may result in acceptance or retaliation. This demands the management to engage employees in implementing changes. Constant communication between the management and the employees should be fostered to ensure that they understand all aspects and therefore make informed decisions(Wilson, 2003).Naturally, when an employee is involved in structuring an idea, they get fully committed to executing it. Human dynamics When employees go through change, their mindsets take long to assimilate the changes and exhibit them. Employees have to internally process the changes and make sense of them before accepting them. The process of change is intense, and employees have to understand the nature of change and how it will influence their presence in the company(Wals Corcoran, 2012). When change is fully accepted, new managements have tough times making adjustments to the organizations operations. Changes made may not be flexible to accommodating further amendments proposed to them. Emotional transitions are the most difficult to influence, and reception to change may not be quick. Change in governance New managements bring their styles of leadership which may result in confusion of roles as and structures within the organization. The new yard manager prioritized changes in the decision-making process, strategies for operation and problem-solving in the company which may not be a priority with other managements. Although the benefits are measurable, new managements may not consider them as important factors that contribute to the output. The management should formulate policies that become part of the company such that when they move on, new management does not have a hard time taking over the process(Weybrecht, 2014). Workplace changes The new Wollongong yard manager provides a work environment for employees that give them an opportunity to define themselves through their abilities. The business started as a family business. Therefore, it did not give room for many structural changes to happen. Decision making was central to the management which does not allow for changes to happen frequently. The new company outlook is different, and structures changed to accommodate the operations of the national transport group in the enterprise. Transport workers unions bring equality to the workforce and regulate their operations. Workers rights are given a priority and companies are encouraged to promote safety at workplaces. Education has played a significant role in workplaces; drivers have access to training opportunities where they learn and understand their rights(Levvy,2015). These training also improve the productivity as the workers receive technical and customer care service training. Workers have a significant role in changing work dynamics through a change in operations and attitudes. It is evident that the wellbeing of the employees in this sector has evolved to encompass different human aspect. The formation of the transport workers union of Australia in the early 1900s has brought a lot of changes in the sector (Schulz, Luthans Messersmith, 2014). Since its inception, it has achieved a lot within the sector, for example, it has successfully fought for an increase in wages and improved working environments (Lee, Huang, Murphy, Robertson Garabet, 2015). Initially, it was formed to improve the working conditions of the drivers and to fight for their wages. The unions have a significant influence on the workplace as the employees depend on it for their survival and progression in the workforce.This union fights for the rights of employees and ensures that work environments are bearable(Coiquaud, 2016). Unlike public sector unions, transport sector dynamics differ in their operations because the nature of work is different. Government regulations imposed on the sector are minimal as many firmsare privatized and follow different rules as long as they do not conflict with the government policies(Wilson, 2003). Recommendations Transportation companies need to prioritize their employees wellbeing increased productivity is to be realized. Employees working conditions need to be constantly reviewed to avoid setbacks that may negatively affect their productivity(ThompsonStevenson,2014). Employees are an integral part of a company, and their contribution to the organization is important Conclusion The success of change introduced to Wollongong yard is as a result of a combination of forces that constitute an integral part of the organization. The yard manager could exploit the opportunities presented by the changes made to achieve goals set. The collective bargaining aspect of trade unions makes them appealing to workers. Therefore, companies should seek to be covered by it. Many companies have joined the Transport Workers Union of Australia considering the benefits that companies get for being members. References Apostolopoulos, Y., Lemke, M., Snmez, S. (2014). Risks endemic to long-haul trucking in North America: strategies to protect and promote driver well-being.New solutions: a journal of environmental and occupational health policy,24(1), 57-81. Australian Trucking Industry, (2001). Diesel: A magazine for the Australian Trucking Industry. Glebe, N.S.W: Intermedia Group. Azab, A., Mostafa, N., Park, J. (2016). OnTimeCargo: A Smart Transportation System Development In Logistics Management By A Design Thinking Approach. Bensman, D. (2016). Precarious Work in Drayage Trucking and Labor Action to Restore Labor Rights.E-Journal of International and Comparative Labour Studies,5(3). Brunello, L., Bunker, J., Fabbro, S., Migliorini, F., Ferrara, R., (January 01, 2012). High-Speed Rail and Regional Competitiveness. Wiley and SonsPublishers Coiquaud, U. (2016). The Obligation to Be Available: The Case of the Trucking Industry.International Journal of Comparative Labour Law and Industrial Relations,32(3), 322-343. Dannenberg, A. L., Frumkin, H., Jackson, R., (2011). Making healthy places: Designing and building for health, well-being, and sustainability. Washington, D.C: Island Press. Hecker, J. E. Z., United States, (2002). Surface and maritime transportation: Challenges and strategies for enhancing mobility. Washington, D.C.: U.S. General Accounting Office. Holloway, E., Kusy, M., (2013). Toxic Workplace!: Managing toxic personalities and their systems of power. San Francisco, Calif: Jossey-Bass. Hall, C., Bensoussan, B. E., (2007). Staying ahead of the competition: How firms really manage their competitive intelligence and knowledge; evidence from a decade of rapid change. Singapore: World Scientific Pub. Co. Jamaldeen, M., Macquarie University., Bryant, T., Joyeux, R., (2015). Agglomeration economies, diseconomies, and city size: The case of Australian cities. Lovegrove, H., (2015). The change manager's handbook: A step-by-step guide to sustainable change. Lee, J., Huang, Y. H., Murphy, L. A., Robertson, M. M., Garabet, A. (2015). Measurement equivalence of a safety climate scale across multiple trucking companies.Journal of Occupational and Organizational Psychology. Levy, K. E. (2015). The contexts of control: Information, power, and truck-driving work.The Information Society,31(2), 160-174. Schulz, S., W. Luthans, K., G. Messersmith, J. (2014). Psychological capital: A new tool for driver retention.International Journal of Physical Distribution Logistics Management,44(8/9), 621-634. Sersland, D., Nataraajan, R. (2015). Driver turnover research: exploring the missing angle with a global perspective.Journal of Service Management,26(4), 648-661. Spiro, J., (2013). Leading change step-by-step: Tactics, tools, and tales. San Francisco, Calif: Jossey-Bass. Thompson, J., Stevenson, M. (2014, November). A novel methodological approach for understanding the complex relationship between payment structures, enforcement response, and fatigue among heavy-vehicle drivers. InAustralasian Road Safety Research Policing Education Conference, 2014, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia. Weybrecht, G., (2014). The Sustainable MBA: A business guide to sustainability. Wals, A. E. J., Corcoran, P. B., (2012). Learning for Sustainability in Times of Accelerating Change. The Netherlands: Wageningen Academic Pub. Williams Jr, D. F., Thomas, S. P., Liao-Troth, S. (2017). The Truck Driver Experience: Identifying Psychological Stressors from the Voice of the Driver.Transportation Journal,56(1), 54-76. Wilson, T. B., (2003). Innovative reward systems for the changing workplace. New York: McGraw-Hill. Raelin, J. A., (2008). Work-based learning: Bridging knowledge and action in the workplace. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass. Constructive Relations at Top Trucking Company Questions: 1.How do the new workplace practices introduced by the new yard manager complement one another?2.Do you think tough blue collar unions like the Transport Workers Union are more of less likely to engage in workplace changes like these than public or service sector unions? Why? How would you find out if you are right? Answers: Introduction The topic revolves around the constructive relations within a business organisation named Top Trucking, UK. The topic will illustrate about the various management of employee relations and also how the manager of the company played a major role in it to improve the companys efficiency. George Psaros was assigned with the task of managing the transformation of the company and replace the existing infrastructure and management operations of the company with newer ones for the deriving of good business outcomes and also ensure that the organisation functions in a smooth manner. Previously the yard manager was autocratic and thus the opinions and responses of the employees were not considered while making business decisions. This not only resulted in lack of interest among the workers but also resulted in various accidents and degradation of organisations performance as a whole too (Ariely, 2012). The topic would illustrate about how the transformation would be made possible and also abo ut the new workplace practices which would be implemented by the new yard manager of Top trucking to complement one another. 1. From the case study, it could be clearly understood that the new practices within the workplace introduced by the newly appointed yard manager of Top Trucking company had brought fruitful results for the company and even transformed the way of working in a positive manner. It could be seen that previously the workplace practices were not up to the mark and also the yard manager was autocratic which showed an aggressive behavior and also not considering the opinions of employees in any cases while making effective decisions in business. The new workplace practices were implemented with the assigning of a new yard manager as the old yard manager retired. The new workplace practices have enabled the new yard manager to complement one another, as because the new yard manager has decided to transform the company from its existing condition and also spend more money for bringing enhanced organisational efficiency (Askenazy Caroli, 2010). The yard has been cleaned up and also new unifor ms have been arranged for the workers of the company so as to bring out something unique and innovative which was not the case previously. The new yard manager followed the democratic style of leadership which helped in gathering the opinions and responses of employees and then make decisions by selecting the most suitable option that would be favorable for the company. The organisational efficiency is dependent upon the performances of the workers and thus their interest and concentration on the tasks are essential. The new yard manager has managed to interact with the employees frequently and also guided them in the right direction through motivation and encouragement and this further helped in resolving certain issues too (Urciuoli, 2008). It was like a new breath of fresh air as because new computer systems were installed along with improvement of the health and safety measures so as to keep the workers safe and healthy and also prevent any sort of harm. New trucks were bought a s well, which created a positive mindset among the minds of the workers (Bienvenu Merkle, 2009). In case of any issues, the yard manager even without blaming the employees and staffs at first, got into the issue by following various rational methods and check the other things put which might be the cause of such kinds of issues. The yard manager also consulted with George about certain issues and then took the major decisions, which further resulted in improving the brand name and image and also enhanced the business operations and processes with ease and effectiveness (Cristini et al, 2008). What are the risks to sustaining these changes if George or the yard manager moves on? There are various risks of sustaining these changes within Top Trucking which can not only lead to transformation of the business from its effective business operations to weak organisational efficiency. The risks mainly occur when the transformation has already occurred and after that if he yard manager and George moves on to some other place leaving the transformation process not proceed further in a proper way (Yu Park, 2010). In order to maintain the transformation process properly, it would be essential for the manager of the yard and George to carry on the workplace practices that are new and innovative for some time just after the transformation process, otherwise the transformation process might fall apart with the absence of the yard manager and George who were considered as major individuals involved with the success of the company Top Trucking in UK. The risks could be the lack of link or connection between the organisational change efforts to the market and the business strategies which might clarify the various information among the minds of the stakeholders involved in business like the investors, employees, customers and even the manager (Fenwick, 2008). As soon as the changes occur like here the employees were provided with new trucks and also uniforms the employees would feel the pressure at first, though they would get habituated with those afterwards. This might also lead to some kinds of risks in case the yard manager and George moves on as because the employees would feel lost and would find it difficult to cope up with the changes and also move in the right direction. Without the influence the yard manager, the performances of the employees would likely get deteriorated, thereby resulting in deterioration of organizational performance too. The other reltead risks could be lack of vision and mission statement known to the employees and finding it complex to move on and improve the organisational efficiency (Grawitch et al, 2006). Leaders often experience this lack of commitment as resistance due to which the employees could also face issues in business. As the yard manager followed the democratic leadership approach, so there c ould be situations when the employees would be unable to discuss about their issues and also share their opinions with someone superior and ensure moving in the proper direction for coping up with the changes (Kuipers, 2013). The risks associated with the changes could also be the leadership issues where the leaders might not be able to predict the feasibility of these changes which might further result in downfall of the organization. If the yard manager and George moves on, then the corporate governance would also be changed and thereby result in improper functioning of the company too. If George and the new and effective yard manager move on, then the new leaders might be unable to provide strategic disciplines for managing the changes according to the change agenda, change process methodology and also inappropriate infrastructure of the business organisation Top Trucking, UK (Kiselyov et al, 2008). There could also be risks related to lack of resources and lack of motivation and encouragement of workers due to absence of George and yard manager that might further deteriorate the organisational efficiency. 2. Yes, my personal opinions are more inclined towards believing that the blue collar unions like the Transport Workers Union are more of less likely to engage in workplace changes like these than public or service sector unions. This is because the public service sector unions are involved with the management of business operations and processes by working within the organization while the blue collar unions are more focused on managing the hand held tasks. The white collar employees of organisations are found to work within offices, cubicles and within other administrative settings where the changes are often informed to them which make them easily consider those while working within the organisation. On the other hand, Top Trucking company is a reputed company and it has managed its transformation process with the involvement of union delegate George a nd the yard manager (Cronqvist et al, 2009). Here the blue collar unions like the Transport Workers Union are found to be working and they may be less concerned about the changes within the organizations workplace. The blue collar employees job roles include manual labor also handling certain machineries and equipments within Top Trucking, UK. The unions among the white collar employees are likely to get more engaged with the changes in workplace as because they are more focused with the office related tasks like administrative functions, and other related tasks within the office premises. Changes within the occupational and industrial structure as well as other workplace related changes could result in keeping the white collar employees more engaged as because they would be able to work in better working conditions and would also be able to move in the right direction with the involvement of the manager of the organisation (Frick, 2009). Based on the changes within the workplace including changes ij attitudes and values would also influence the behavior of employees and make them perform with much more dedication and commitment. On the other hand, the blue collar unions would be less involved with the changes in workplace as because their tasks would be concerned with the manual labor (Form, 2015). Within Top Trucking, th e changes experienced were buying more trucks and arranging uniforms for the workers through more investments and management of human resources in a proper manner. The changes would definitely make the employees gain interest in their roles and responsibilities and perform to their potential. This is because the opinions of employees would be taken into consideration also they would not be blamed like before without exploring the issues by the yard manager. Thus the new yard manager would explore the issues rationally and would even improve the effectiveness of security measures so as to keep the workers safe and healthy. Therefore, from this case study, it could be predicted that the blue collar unions like the Transport Workers Union would like to get involved in workplace changes within Top Trucking, UK (Ariely, 2012). Conclusion The topic covered the various aspects of constructive relations and also how the transformation process had been managed within the organisation Top Trucking in United Kingdom. It could be seen that the new yard manager and union delegate had worked in coordination so as to ensure good changes within the workplace by improving the leadership skills and manage the workers properly through motivation and encouragement (Lillie Sippola, 2011). New computer systems have been used along with buying of new trucks and uniforms for the workers. The manager also focused on the health and safety of workers which further created a positive mindset among the workers, thereby making them more interested in getting involved in the changes within the workplace of Top Trucking (Askenazy Caroli, 2010). The essay also included the various new practices within workplace by the yard manager and also the risks that could emerge while sustaining the changes and also in case the yard manager and union del egate move on. References Ariely, G. (2012). Globalization, immigration and national identity: How the level of globalization affects the relations between nationalism, constructive patriotism and attitudes toward immigrants?.Group Processes Intergroup Relations,15(4), 539-557. Askenazy, P., Caroli, E. (2010). Innovative work practices, information technologies, and working conditions: Evidence for France.Industrial Relations: A Journal of Economy and Society,49(4), 544-565. Bienvenu, L., Merkle, W. (2009). Constructive equivalence relations on computable probability measures.Annals of Pure and Applied Logic,160(3), 238-254. Cristini, A., Gaj, A., Leoni, R. (2008). Direct and indirect complementarity between workplace reorganization and new technology.Rivista di Politica Economica,98(2), 87-117. Cronqvist, H., Heyman, F., Nilsson, M., Svaleryd, H., Vlachos, J. (2009). Do entrenched managers pay their workers more?.the Journal of Finance,64(1), 309-339. Fenwick, T. (2008). Workplace learning: Emerging trends and new perspectives.New Directions for Adult and Continuing Education,2008(119), 17-26. Form, W. H. (2015).Blue-collar stratification: Autoworkers in four countries. Princeton University Press. Frick, K. (2009). Health and safety representation in small firms: a swedish success that is threatened by political and labour market changes. InWorkplace Health and Safety(pp. 154-176). Palgrave Macmillan UK. Grawitch, M. J., Gottschalk, M., Munz, D. C. (2006). The path to a healthy workplace: A critical review linking healthy workplace practices, employee well-being, and organizational improvements.Consulting Psychology Journal: Practice and Research,58(3), 129. Kiselyov, O., Byrd, W. E., Friedman, D. P., Shan, C. C. (2008, April). Pure, declarative, and constructive arithmetic relations (declarative pearl). InInternational Symposium on Functional and Logic Programming(pp. 64-80). Springer Berlin Heidelberg. Kuipers, T. A. (2013).From instrumentalism to constructive realism: on some relations between confirmation, empirical progress, and truth approximation(Vol. 287). Springer Science Business Media. Lillie, N., Sippola, M. (2011). National unions and transnational workers: the case of Olkiluoto 3, Finland.Work, employment and society,25(2), 292-308. Urciuoli, B. (2008). Skills and selves in the new workplace.American Ethnologist,35(2), 211-228. Yu, H. S., Park, M. K. (2010). The constructive relations of lifestyle, leisure attitude, leisure flow and life satisfaction of bowling participants.Journal of Korean Society for the Study of Physical Education,15(3), 109-122.

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